Jesse OwensI’ve been meaning to write about Jesse Owens since Henry mentioned him on page 79. With the Olympics in full swing in London right now, it seemed like a good time to finally get around to it.

The 1936 Summer Olympics were held in Germany. This was just three years before WWII started, and Hitler and the Nazi party were ascendant. The Nazis hoped that a strong showing at the Olympic Games would show the world the superiority of the Aryan race. And in fact, the Germans did win quite a few medals that year, but there was one decidedly non-Aryan blemish on their record.

Jesse Owens, an African American from Ohio, won four gold medals that year, for the 100 meter sprint, 200 meter sprint, 4×100 meter relay, and the long jump. This was the record number of gold medals in men’s athletics until Carl Lewis matched his performance in 1984. Not bad for a guy without blond hair and blue eyes!

Hitler handled the whole thing about like you’d expect, claiming that those of African descent are physically more powerful than whites because they are jungle primitives, and should therefore not be allowed to compete in future Olympics. He basically said that black people weren’t human. And yes, I realize that that’s pretty much the Nazi ideology in a nutshell, but it’s still hard to wrap my head around the idea of someone thinking like that.

What’s even more disturbing is the way that Jesse was treated back home. Granted, this was nineteen years before Rosa Parks helped to launch the civil rights movement, but even so, blatant racism is blatant. FDR did not acknowledge his wins or invite him to the White House. And following the ticker-tape parade in his honor, Jesse had to ride the service elevator up to the reception at the Waldorf-Astoria. When he tried to turn his Olympic wins into endorsement deals, officials revoked his amateur status, which was the end of his athletic career. It was astoundingly shoddy treatment for a man who would be treated like a hero today.

Jesse experienced a lot of ups and downs later in life, and was eventually granted a little of the respect he deserved when he was appointed a US goodwill ambassador. He may not have received his due in life, but he will always be remembered as the man who ruined Hitler’s big Olympic show and tell.

(The excellent webcomic Zen Pencils recently adapted a quote from Jesse Owens. Check it out.)